1、单选题：
The idea that human behavior is governed by a physical component and a non physical (i.e., spiritual) component is referred to as ____________.
选项：
A:

dualism

B:

materialism

C:

empiricism

D:

rationalism

答案: 【

dualism

】

2、单选题：
What does Luigi Galvani's research with applied electrical currents suggest?
选项：
A:

Human behaviour is a combination of mechanical and spiritual components.

B:

Human behaviour is caused by electrochemical processes.

C:

The brain is divided into areas for specific tasks.

D:

The brain is not divided into areas for specific tasks.

答案: 【

Human behaviour is caused by electrochemical processes.

】

3、单选题：
Who is credited with the development of Cartesian Dualism?
选项：
A:

John Locke

B:

James Mills

C:

Luigi Galvani

D:

Rene Descartes

答案: 【

Rene Descartes

】

4、单选题：
What philosophical view of human behavior is best supported by the work of Paul Broca?
选项：
A:

Materialism

B:

Dualism

C:

Empiricism

D:

Existentialism

答案: 【

Materialism

】

5、单选题：
According to materialism, what is the cause of human behaviour?
选项：
A:

Spiritual induction

B:

Physical mechanisms

C:

Internal motivations

D:

Emotional states

答案: 【

Physical mechanisms

】

6、单选题：
Determining whether something is true or false by observing it through experimentation is called _____________.
选项：
A:

naturalism

B:

philosophy

C:

inference

D:

empiricism

答案: 【

empiricism

】

7、单选题：
What was William James main contribution to the field of Psychology?
选项：
A:

Conducting the first laboratory based research experiments

B:

Generating and publishing ideas about psychological topics

C:

Measuring the speed of neural transmission rate

D:

Training observers how to perform introspection

答案: 【

Generating and publishing ideas about psychological topics

】

8、单选题：
Who is recognized as being the first psychologist?
选项：
A:

Ernst Weber

B:

Sigmund Freud

C:

Wilhelm Wundt

D:

Hermann Von Helmholtz

答案: 【

Wilhelm Wundt

】

9、单选题：
Introspection is a technique wherein a person reflects upon and reports their personal experience. Early scientists criticized this technique because it was ____________.
选项：
A:

Indirect and objective

B:

Direct and subjective

C:

Direct and objective

D:

Indirect and subjective

答案: 【

Indirect and subjective

】

10、单选题：
According to Freud, psychological problems arise from conflict between the __________ and the ________.
选项：
A:

Id; Ego

B:

Super-ego; Ego

C:

Super-ego; Id

D:

Conscious; Subconscious

答案: 【

Super-ego; Id

】

11、单选题：
According to Freud, what is the part of our psyche that is instinctually driven by our basic needs, wants and desires?
选项：
A:

Id

B:

Super-ego

C:

Ego

D:

Conscience

答案: 【

Id

】

12、单选题：
According to Freud, what is the part of the psyche that attempts to balance immediate gratification and societal norms?
选项：
A:

Super-ego

B:

Ego

C:

Id

D:

Preconscious

答案: 【

Ego

】

13、单选题：
What is the best way to describe Freuds approach to psychology?
选项：
A:

Medical

B:

Scientific

C:

Empirical

D:

Epistemological

答案: 【

Medical

】

14、单选题：
According to Freud, what is the part of our psyche that is most interested in maintaining societal norms and decency?
选项：
A:

Id

B:

Ego

C:

Super-ego

D:

Personality

答案: 【

Super-ego

】