Science 单元测验

1、单选题：
‎Galileo, with his telescope, helped prove the validity of ____ model against ____ model.​
选项：
A: Copernicus’s heliocentric; Aristotle’s geocentric
B: Aristotle’s heliocentric; Plato’s geocentric
C: Copernicus’s geocentric; Aristotle’s heliocentric
D: Plato’s geocentric; Aristotle’s heliocentric
答案: 【 Copernicus’s heliocentric; Aristotle’s geocentric】

2、单选题：
‏By “The intention of the Holy Ghost is to teach us how one goes to heaven, not how heaven goes”, Galileo means ________‏
选项：
A: one should place science above religion
B: one should be sceptical of biblical teachings
C: one should abandon one’s belief in God
D: one should not take the Bible too literally
答案: 【 one should not take the Bible too literally】

3、单选题：
‎Galileo is called the Father of Modern Science because he _____.‌
选项：
A: called for the independence of scientific enquiry
B: established the modern system of science
C: made important discoveries in the field of astronomy
D: proved that religion was a false system of belief
答案: 【 called for the independence of scientific enquiry】

4、单选题：
 Vico’s principle of verum factum that absolute knowledge can only be verified by the creator indicates___.​
选项：
A: we may seek “absolute knowledge” 
B: it is possible to put geometry and rationalist thinking as the basis of knowledge
C: the realm of knowledge manifests itself in its diversity and richness
D: people like Descartes are correct when they search for absolute certainty and clarity as the criteria for truth
答案: 【 the realm of knowledge manifests itself in its diversity and richness】

5、单选题：
Science has to deal with the external forces which go against it, exemplified by people such as_______​
选项：
A: Galileo Galilei
B: Nicolaus Copernicus
C: Giordano Bruno
D: Giambattista Vico
答案: 【 Giambattista Vico】

6、单选题：
​The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, published in 1962 by Thomas Kuhn, marked the “subjective turn” in the philosophy of science, characterized by ___________.‍
选项：
A: a shift from nature to the relation of nature and man
B: a balanced development of science
C: the dazzling accomplishment of hard science 
D: the fixed background of space and time
答案: 【 a shift from nature to the relation of nature and man】

7、单选题：
‌“The Science Wars” took place in the __________________ to debate the nature and meaning of science.​
选项：
A: 1890s
B: 1920s
C: 1990s
D: 1960s
答案: 【 1990s】

8、单选题：
‍According to Bruno Latour, science studies should turn from “matters of fact” toward “_________.”‍
选项：
A: matters of concern
B:  matters of soul 
C: matters of mind
D: matters of heart
答案: 【 matters of concern】

9、单选题：
‎The Sokal affair refers to an American physicist’s published parody of  ______ thinking.‏
选项：
A: scientific
B:  materialist
C: populist
D: postmodernist
答案: 【 postmodernist】

10、多选题：
‏Since man’s understanding of human society is partial, Vico argues, human knowledge should also include______​
选项：
A: myths
B: bible
C: literature
D: legends
答案: 【 myths;
literature;
legends】

11、多选题：
Which of the following is the stage of development for science?‎​‎​‎
选项：
A:  a new paradigm
B: prescience
C: crisis
D: normal science
答案: 【 prescience;
crisis;
normal science】

12、多选题：
Around the turn of the 20th century, a new “scientific revolution” took place, involving the following  ___________.‌
选项：
A: Albert Einstein
B: Isaac Newton
C: Werner Heisenberg
D: Niels Bohr
答案: 【 Albert Einstein;
Werner Heisenberg;
Niels Bohr】

随堂练习

1、单选题：
‏__________’s book Structure of Scientific Revolutions provoked a debate over the involvement of subjectivity in science.​
选项：
A: Thomas Kuhn
B: Charles Darwin 
C: Bruno Latour
D: Steve Woolgar
答案: 【 Thomas Kuhn】

2、单选题：
‍“The Science Wars” took place in the __________________ to debate the nature and meaning of science.‎
选项：
A: 1960s
B: 1970s
C: 1980s
D: 1990s
答案: 【 1990s】

3、单选题：
‍The new academic field Science and Technology Studies (STS) takes a  ______approach to science and its way of production.‌
选项：
A: literary
B: sociological
C: philosophical
D: historical
答案: 【 sociological】

4、单选题：
‏According to Bruno Latour, science studies should turn from “matters of fact” toward “_________.”‎
选项：
A:  matters of soul 
B: matters of mind
C: matters of concern
D: matters of heart
答案: 【 matters of concern】

5、单选题：
‎The Sokal affair refers to an American physicist’s published parody of  ______ thinking.‏
选项：
A: modernist
B: postmodernist
C: populist
D: materialist
答案: 【 postmodernist】

Human 单元测验

1、单选题：
Pico’s Renaissance Man is characterized by the fact that ________. ‎
选项：
A: he has no “free determination of his own will”
B: God has “put all things under his feet”
C: he is proud of himself as a human being
D: he has become “the servant of sin”
答案: 【 he is proud of himself as a human being】

2、单选题：
‎When Machiavelli said that a prince should “follow up the real truth of the matter than the imagination of it”, he meant that a prince should be ________________.‎
选项：
A: ungrateful
B: religious
C: merciful
D: realistic
答案: 【 realistic】

3、单选题：
​The Education of a Christian Prince by Desiderius Erasmus was a response to The Prince in that _________________.‏
选项：
A: it believes a prince should be highly religious
B: it believes man is born selfish
C: it believes a prince should care more about the maintenance of power
D: it believes a prince should devote himself to the benefits of his people
答案: 【 it believes a prince should devote himself to the benefits of his people】

4、单选题：
‏When Darwin said that “all related organisms descended from common ancestors”, he implied that ______‌
选项：
A: animals and plants come from the same ancestors
B: all the animal world had one ancestor
C: man, as a species of mammals, was a relative of monkeys
D: all the species were made by God
答案: 【 man, as a species of mammals, was a relative of monkeys】

5、单选题：
‌In the natural world, those species that survive to produce the next generation tend to embody favorable natural variations and pass them on to their offspring hereditarily in order that their offspring would have the best chance of being preserved in the struggle for life. This process is usually called_________‎
选项：
A: Natural Selection
B: Hereditary Selection
C: Survival Struggle
D: Survival Wisdom
答案: 【 Natural Selection】

6、单选题：
‍The cave where the “inner drama” of the primitive man is rediscovered may represent _______.​
选项：
A: the basement with a cave more primitive and archaic
B: the concept of the collective unconscious
C: Jung’s dream
D: the ground floor with a basement
答案: 【 the concept of the collective unconscious】

7、单选题：
‍ The collective unconscious ________.‌
选项：
A: is inherited from our ancestors 
B: is buried deep down within us
C:  may erupt like a volcano with enormous energy
D: all of the above
答案: 【 all of the above】

8、多选题：
‎The High Renaissance period from the 1490s to 1527 sees the most magnificent achievements in visual arts, including the following ____________.‍
选项：
A: Leonardo da Vinci
B: Raphael
C: Michelangelo
D: Picasso
答案: 【 Leonardo da Vinci;
Raphael;
Michelangelo】

9、多选题：
Other Renaissance