第二章测试

1、单选题：
‌Which of the following is a germ cell?‍
选项：
A: cells of the gonads
B: intestinal cells
C: sperm and eggs
D: zygotes
答案: 【 sperm and eggs】

2、单选题：
Which of the following basic developmental processes is most dependent on cellular movements?‏
选项：
A: cell differentiation
B: growth
C: morphogenesis
D: pattern formation
答案: 【 morphogenesis】

3、单选题：
‏A morphogen is‏
选项：
A: a cell or group of cells that signal other cells to become determined in a specific way
B: a gene that causes a cell or group of cells to adopt a particular shape
C: a signaling molecule that causes the differentiation of neighboring cells
D: a signaling molecule that confers concentration-dependent positional information
答案: 【 a signaling molecule that confers concentration-dependent positional information】

4、单选题：
‍What distinguishes stem cells from other cell types?‏
选项：
A: Although all cell types can divide, only stem cells differentiate after division.
B: Stem cells are able to divide to produce populations of cells that differentiate into a related set of cells.
C: Stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to one daughter cell that remains a stem cell, and a second daughter cell that differentiates into one or more cell types.
D: Stem cells have a special type of cell division in which they form small stems that then pinch off to give rise to the daughter cell.
答案: 【 Stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to one daughter cell that remains a stem cell, and a second daughter cell that differentiates into one or more cell types.】

第三章测试

1、单选题：
‎Which of the following is a vertebrate ‘model organism’ used in the study of development?​
选项：
A: Drosophila melanogaster
B: Homo sapiens
C: Caenorhabditis elegans
D: Xenopus laevis
答案: 【 Xenopus laevis】

2、单选题：
‏The nervous system, heart, and liver are derived from (   ), (   ), and (    ), respectively.‎
选项：
A: all are derived from mesoderm
B: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
C: endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm
D: mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm
答案: 【 ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm】

第四章测试

1、单选题：
‍ The ‘organizer’ in Xenopus is responsible for​
选项：
A: inducing a mesodermal fate in nearby cells
B: helping to pattern the mesoderm along the dorso-ventral axis
C: specifying the dorsal region of the embryo
D: all of these events
答案: 【 helping to pattern the mesoderm along the dorso-ventral axis】

2、单选题：
​A key factor that specifies the organizer in Xenopus embryos is:‍
选项：
A: GSK-3β
B: Fz7
C: Wnt-11
D: β-catenin
答案: 【 β-catenin】

3、单选题：
‌Maternal factors are‌
选项：
A: the energy-rich yolk present in the eggs of many species
B: the genes contributed to the embryo by the maternal haploid genome
C: the gen