Quiz

1、多选题：
​The correct descriptions about hemoglobin(Hb) are‍
选项：
A: Oxygen dissociation curve is a rectangular hyperbola (a simple hyperbolic curve).
B: The four subunits have the same equilibrium constant with O2.
C: Binding with O2 has a positive cooperativity.
D: The conformation is in T state without O2.
答案: 【 Binding with O2 has a positive cooperativity.;
The conformation is in T state without O2.】

Unit test

1、单选题：
​The chemical bond between the A and B chains of insulin is​
选项：
A: peptide bond
B: disulfide bond
C: phosphoester bond
D: ionic bond
E: hydrophobic force
答案: 【 disulfide bond】

2、单选题：
‎The characteristic of secondary structure in myoglobin is to have more‌
选项：
A: α-helix
B: β-pleated sheet
C: β-turn
D: Ωloop
E: βαβ motif
答案: 【 α-helix】

3、单选题：
​Autoclave disinfection is to make bacterial proteins‍
选项：
A: denaturation
B: precipitation
C: ionization
D: dissolved
E: degradation
答案: 【 denaturation】

4、单选题：
‏The protein whose structural change can cause sickle cell anemia is‎
选项：
A: lactate dehydrogenase
B: pyruvate kinase
C: insulin
D: myoglobin
E: hemoglobin
答案: 【 hemoglobin】

5、单选题：
‍The amino acid that can form disulfide bond in protein structure is​
选项：
A: Trp
B: Met
C: Cys
D: Pro
E: Ser
答案: 【 Cys】

6、单选题：
‍Protein denaturation is due to‏
选项：
A: conformation destruction of protein
B: depolymerization of protein subunits
C: proteolysis
D: changes in the primary structure of protein
E: breaking of peptide bonds
答案: 【 conformation destruction of protein】

7、多选题：
‍Secondary structures of protein mainly include‍
选项：
A: α helix
B: β conformation
C: β turn
D: motif
E: random coil
答案: 【 α helix;
β conformation;
β turn;
random coil】

8、多选题：
​Which of the following descriptions about tertiary structure of protein are correct‏
选项：
A: All polypeptide chains with tertiary structure have biological activities.
B: Most hydrophilic groups are located on the surface of tertiary structure.
C: The stability of tertiary structure is maintained by covalent bonds.
D: Tertiary structure is three-dimensional arrangement of all atoms in a polypeptide chain.
E: Formation of tertiary structure is the result of interaction between side chain groups of a polypeptide chain.
答案: 【 Most hydrophilic groups are located on the surface of tertiary structure.;
Tertiary structure is three-dimensional arrangement of all atoms in a polypeptide chain.;
Formation of tertiary structure is the result of interaction between side chain groups of a polypeptide chain.】

9、多选题：
‍Compared with myoglobin, hemoglobin is characterized by‍
选项：
A: Having quaternary structure
B: Containing heme
C: Having cooperative effects between subunits during combination with oxygen
D: The oxygen dissociation curve is S-shaped.
E: The main function is to transport oxygen.
答案: 【 Having quaternary structure;
Having cooperative effects between subunits during combination with oxygen;
The oxygen dissociation curve is S-shaped.;
The main function is to transport oxygen.】

10、多选题：
​The UV absorption properties of protein are due to the presence of‍
选项：
A: tryptophan
B: glutamic acid
C: tyrosine
D: aspartic acid
E: histidine
答案: 【 tryptophan;
tyrosine】

11、多选题：
‍Which of the following amino acids contain hydroxyl group​
选项：
A: serine
B: phenylalanine
C: tyrosine
D: threonine
E: methionine
答案: 【 serine;
tyrosine;
threonine】

12、判断题：
‎When the pH > pI of protein, the proteins have positive charge.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

13、判断题：
‌Glutathione acts as an antioxidant through its thiol group (-SH) in the molecule.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

14、判断题：
‏Only those peptides with larger molecular weight containing 10 or more amino acids have biological activities.‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

15、判断题：
​Each subunit in the quaternary structure of a protein can exert its function independently.‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

Quiz

1、单选题：
‌What kind of bond is broken in zymogen activation?‍
选项：
A: hydrogen bond
B: ionic bond
C: peptide bond
D: hydrophobic bond
答案: 【 peptide bond】

Unit test

1、单选题：
‏Which of the following statements about active center of enzyme is not true?‎
选项：
A: Binding of enzyme with substrate is limited to the small area of enzyme structure which is closely related to enzyme activity.
B: The essential groups may locate either in or outside the active center.
C: Usually consists of several amino acid residues adjacent to each other in the primary structure
D: Zymogen activation is actually the process of forming complete active center.
E: Binding of substrates can induce conformational change of the active center of enzyme.
答案: 【 Usually consists of several amino acid residues adjacent to each other in the primary structure】

2、单选题：
‎When [S]=2Km, the velocity of an enzyme catalyzed reaction equals to‏
选项：
A: Vmax
B: 2/3Vmax
C: 3/2Vmax
D: 2Vmax
E: 1/2Vmax
答案: 【 2/3Vmax】

3、单选题：
‌The effect of temperature on the rate of enzymatic reaction is‌
选项：
A: When the temperature rises, the reaction rate increases, which is exactly the same as that of ordinary catalysts.
B: Low temperature may denature the most enzymes.
C: The optimum temperature is the characteristic constant of enzyme and is not related to the reaction time.
D: The optimum temperature is not the characteristic constant of enzyme. The longer the reaction time, the lower the optimum temperature.
E: All enzymes have the same optimum temperature.
答案: 【 The optimum temperature is not the characteristic constant of enzyme. The longer the reaction time, the lower the optimum temperature.】

4、单选题：
The inhibitory effect of organophosphorus insecticide on cholinesterase belongs to‌
选项：
A: Reversible inhibition
B: Competitive inhibition
C: Noncompetitive inhibition
D: Uncompetitive inhibition
E: Irreversible inhibition
答案: 【 Irreversible inhibition】

5、单选题：
‎Which of the following is the reversible inhibitor?‍
选项：
A: organophosphorous compound
B: organic mercury compound
C: organoarsenic compound
D: cyanide
E: sulfonamides
答案: 【 sulfonamides】

6、单选题：
‍Competitive reversible inhibitors of enzyme can make​
选项：
A: Vmax decreases, Km decreases
B: Vmax increases, Km increases
C: Vmax remains unchange, Km increases
D: Vmax remains unchange, Km decreases
E: Vmax decreases, Km increases
答案: 【 Vmax remains unchange, Km increases】

7、单选题：
‍About the statements on allosteric enzyme and allosteric regulation, the correct is‌
选项：
A: All allosteric enzymes have a regulatory subunit and a catalytic subunit.
B: The kinetic characteristics of allosteric enzyme are S-shaped curve rather than rectangular hyperbola.
C: The mechanism of allosteric activation is the same as that of enzyme activator.
D: Sulfonamides work by allosteric inhibition.
E: It is an important way to rapidly regulate the enzyme content.
答案: 【 The kinetic characteristics of allosteric enzyme are S-shaped curve rather than rectangular hyperbola.】

8、单选题：
​The most common covalent modification of enzyme is‎
选项：
A: Phosphorylation/Dephosphorylation
B: Adenylation/Deadenylation
C: Methylation/Demethylation
D: Acetylation/Deacetylation
E: -SH / -S-S-
答案: 【 Phosphorylation/Dephosphorylation】

9、单选题：
‌Which of the following inhibition can be reduced by increasing [S]?‍
选项：
A: Irreversible inhibition
B: Competitive inhibition
C: Noncompetitive inhibition
D: Uncompetitive inhibition
E: Unable to determine
答案: 【 Competitive inhibition】

10、单选题：
‍Which of the following statements about enzyme is false?‏
选项：
A: All proteins are enzymes.
B: Enzymes are biocatalysts.
C: Enzymes are synthesized inside cells, but can perform catalytic functions outside cells.
D: Enzymes have high specificity.
E: Enzymes can be inactivated by certain denaturing factors.
答案: 【 All proteins are enzymes.】

11、多选题：
‏Enzymes have the following characteristics compared with common catalysts‎
选项：
A: high catalytic efficiency
B: high specificity for substrates
C: can lower the activation energy of reactions
D: can’t change the equilibrium of reactions
E: enzyme activity can be regulated
答案: 【 high catalytic efficiency;
high specificity for substrates;
enzyme activity can be regulated】

12、多选题：
​Which of the following amino acid residues in enzyme molecule can be modified by phosphorylation?‏
选项：
A: Tyr
B: Cys
C: Ser
D: Gly
E: Thr
答案: 【 Tyr;
Ser;
Thr】

13、判断题：
‏Km is the characteristic constant of enzyme, which is only related to the properties of enzyme and is not related to the concentration of enzyme.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

14、判断题：
‏Km value can be used to represent the affinity of enzyme to substrate. The smaller the Km, the greater the affinity.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

15、判断题：
‍Rapid regulation of enzyme activity doesn’t need energy.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

Quiz

1、单选题：
‍The strongest allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase-1 is​
选项：
A: Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate
B: Fructose-2, 6-bisphosphate
C: AMP
D: ATP
答案: 【 Fructose-2, 6-bisphosphate】

2、多选题：
‍The key enzymes in gluconeogenesis include‍
选项：
A: pyruvate carboxylase
B: fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
C: pyruvate kinase
D: glucose-6-phosphatase
答案: 【 pyruvate carboxylase;
fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase;
glucose-6-phosphatase】

3、多选题：
‏Glucose may be produced from‍
选项：
A: glycerol
B: acetyl CoA
C: lactate
D: Alanine
答案: 【 glycerol;
lactate;
Alanine】

Unit test

1、单选题：
​The enzyme required for the reverse reaction catalyzed by hexokinase is​
选项：
A: fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
B: glucose- 6-phosphatase
C: phosphofructokinase-1
D: phosphohexose isomerase
E: pyruvate kinase
答案: 【 glucose- 6-phosphatase】

2、单选题：
​Under anaerobic condition, the metabolic fate of NADH + H+ generated in glycolysis pathway is‌
选项：
A: Reduce 3-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde
B: To be oxidized via respiratory chain to supply energy
C: Reduce pyruvate to lactate
D: Used to break down fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate
E: Used for biosynthesis of fatty acids
答案: 【 Reduce pyruvate to lactate】

3、单选题：
​The biochemical mechanism of hemolytic anemia caused by deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is‏
选项：
A: Inhibition of pentose phosphate pathway results in deficiency of phosphopentose.
B: Deficiency of NADPH+H+ results in low level of GSH in RBC.
C: Metabolic disorder of glycolysis pathway results in energy deficiency.
D: Disorder of hemoglobin synthesis
E: None of the above
答案: 【 Deficiency of NADPH+H+ results in low level of GSH in RBC.】

4、单选题：
‎Under resting state, most of the blood glucose can be used by the following tissue/organ‏
选项：
A: liver
B: brain
C: kidney
D: fat
E: muscle
答案: 【 brain】

5、单选题：
​The energy in mature red blood cells come from‍
选项：
A: aerobic oxidation of glucose
B: glycogen degradation
C: pentose phosphate pathway
D: glycolysis
E: gluconeogenesis
答案: 【 glycolysis】

6、单选题：
‍The false statement about the citric acid cycle is‍
选项：
A: Decarboxylation occurs twice per cycle.
B: One molecule of acetyl CoA is oxidized in each cycle.
C: The complete oxidation of one molecule of acetyl CoA produces 10 molecules of ATP.
D: 4 NADH+H+are produced per cycle.
E: Acetyl CoA is first condensed with oxaloacetate to form citrate.
答案: 【 4 NADH+H+are produced per cycle.】

7、单选题：
‏The product(s) of acetyl CoA oxidized by citric acid cycle is/are‌
选项：
A: citric acid
B: oxaloacetic acid
C: CO2 and H2O
D: oxaloacetic acid and CO2
E: CO2 and 4 reduction equivalents
答案: 【 CO2 and 4 reduction equivalents】

8、单选题：
​The deficient enzyme in patients with hemolytic jaundice caused by eating fresh broad beans is‍
选项：
A: 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase
B: isocitrate dehydrogenase
C: succinate dehydrogenase
D: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
E: gluconate-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
答案: 【 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase】

9、单选题：
​Which of the following descr